Meadow Brown (Maniola jurtina)

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2011 photos highlighted in green. Click on any photo to go to an enlarged picture, or simply scroll down the page.

20207_male_Var_19May10 20211_female_Var_19May10 20178_male_Var_19May10
10610_male_Var_19May08 9270_female_Var_28Aug07 1780_female_Var_7Jun06
18895_female_Aisne_21Jul09 21107_male_Var_26Jun10 21163_male_Var_30Jun10

A very common butterfly, almost certainly the most common in the UK, and perhaps in Europe too, although the Marbled White (Melanargia galathea) might claim that distinction in southern France. The male has quite a dull brown upperside with a single apical ocellus, although the female has a strong orange upf post-discal band and greater contrast on the unh.

It is - in my experience - generally a lowland species, unlike its cousin the Dusky Meadow Brown (Hyponephele lycaon) which I have found only at altitude; the textbook altitude ranges are, however, stated as essentially sea level to just below 2000m for both species.
ref sex

observations

alt. m
20207 M

a male, the dark sex brand clearly visible.

10
20211 F

a female, nicely illustrating the extended orange patches of the form hispulla.

10
20178 M

a male, showing that even this common butterfly can be very appealing.

10
10610 F

a male, nice bright orange.

230
9270 F

a female, based on the contrast across the unh discal line and the enlarged unf ocellus.

920
1780 F

this has a strong discal line externally yellow-orange around the edge of the cell, with a dark submarginal unf band and a double ocellus. This is, I think, the form hispulla which occurs in Provence.

200
18895 F

a female of the nominate form.

80
21107 M

this is a quick snap of a male as it opened its wings momentarily. It was not behaving in the same way as other jurtina in the vicinity, hence this shot. The sex brand looked conceivably like the sex brand of  the Oriental Meadow Brown (Hyponephele lupina). I subsequently discovered that I was in a known locality for lupina. The larval hostplant Aegylops geniculata was growing nearby in some profusion. 21163 is an underside shot, not the same butterfly as 21107.

920
21163 M

following on from the comments on 21107, this underside shot shows the extended hindwing and scalloping indicative of lupina, although perhaps not well developed enough to be indicative. It was flying at a time that was two weeks too early for lycaon. However, the small ocelli are almost conclusive evidence of jurtina rather than lupina. Having visited the UK Natural History Museum archives and viewed the extensive specimens of lupina, none had any suggestion of an unh ocellus, so 21163 is 100% jurtina.

920

 

20207_male_Var_19May10

 

20211_female_Var_19May10

 

20178_male_Var_19May10

 

10610_male_Var_19May08

 

9270_female_Var_28Aug07

 

1780_female_Var_7Jun06

 

18895_female_Aisne_21Jul09

 

21107_male_Var_26Jun10

 

21163_male_Var_30Jun10