Mountain Ringlet (Erebia epiphron)

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2011 photos highlighted in green. Click on any photo to go to an enlarged picture, or simply scroll down the page.

 

23082_male_Valais, Switzerland_24Jul10 27145_male_Hautes-Alpes_14Jul11 23052_male_Valais, Switzerland_24Jul10
27029_female_Hautes-Alpes_14Jul11 8317_female_Valais, Switzerland_22Jul07 05_23-23_male_Ariège_23Jul05

Epiphron has a number of widely separated populations across Europe, each with a clearly different form. Lafranchis says it is widespread and abundant in France in the Alpes and Pyrénées, but this has not been my experience, as I have seen it only rarely in France, although more regularly in the Valais in Switzerland.

 

It has a habit of settling low in grassy areas, where it can be difficult top photograph.

Epiphron can be identified by the slightly angled hindwing, more prominent in the female. The Alpine from aetheria has a rather diffuse upf red post-discal band, wider in the female and having a series of small blind ocelli, usually four (in s2 to s5) present in the female. The Pyrénéan form is fauveaui which has a rather tidier upf red post-discal band and larger, but blind, ocelli. The form mackeri flies in France in the Vosges mountains, and resembles fauveaui more than aetheria.
ref sex

observations

alt. m
23082 M I originally had this on the page for Lesser Mountain Ringlet (Erebia melampus), but on review I believe it to be epiphron (of the form aetheria) on the basis of the upf red post-discal band being rather continuous and diffuse, whereas the melampus band is neater and more clearly divided into segments. The reason for originally believing it to be melampus may have been the rounded wing shape. 1800
27145 M I believe this to be a male epiphron (of the form aetheria) even though the post-discal band is very wide and quite well-defined, and the ocelli in s4 and s5 and quite large, much more so than would be normal for male epiphron. 2040
23052 M

a male (?) of the form aetheria. This is indicated by the rather ill-defined red upf post-discal band which is slightly constricted in the middle at s3, the pin-prick blind ocelli and the absence of any ocellus in s6. The hindwing is clearly angled and the red band quite wide, both of which would suggest female, even though I am fairly sure 23052 is a male based on body length and shape.

2200
27029 M I believe this to be a female epiphron (of the form aetheria) on the basis of the wide post-discal band and the neat series of four small blind ocelli. I would suggest this is classic female epiphron of the form aetheria. 2020
8317 F

a female of the form aetheria. The clues to it being female are the wide upf post-discal band, the minute blind ocelli in s2-5 (albeit not as large as I would have expected for a female), and the slightly angled hindwing at s3. The slight but just-visible body shape suggests female.

2200
05_23-23 M

this is, I believe, the eastern Pyrenean form fauveaui with the red upf post-discal band reduced, especially in s3, and larger (blind) ocelli than the other forms. The upf ocellus in s3 seems smaller and very isolated, more so than I would have expected from the T&L illustration of fauveaui, but this may just be normal variation. It did look passingly like a False Dewy Ringlet (E. sthennyo) (given that I had never seen either epiphron or sthennyo before this) although the post-discal red upf band is extending into s6 and the ocelli don’t look close enough to the margins for sthennyo.

1600

 

23082_male_Valais, Switzerland_24Jul10

 

27145_male_Hautes-Alpes_14Jul11

 

23052_male_Valais, Switzerland_24Jul10

 

27029_female_Hautes-Alpes_14Jul11

 

8317_female_Valais, Switzerland_22Jul07

 

05_23-23_male_Ariège_23Jul05